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Karpathy himself has stopped using the term 'vibe coding.' After an Amazon outage, the company straight-up added a senior sign-off gate for junior engineers' AI-generated code. Starting from my own daily workflow, I'll talk about four things this tool truly changed—breadth, speed, quality, and the one thing that never moved: accountability.

I switch between models every day. Opus is reckless but gets the job done, GPT 5.4 is comprehensive but easily drifts off-course, Gemini has taste but can't fix bugs, and the three domestic models each have their own quirks. Use them enough, and you'll realize swapping models works better than tweaking parameters.